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Parts 2 and 3 of Assault are the same as Parts 2 and 3 of Burglary.
Common Comments and Suggestions of Help
1. Tremendous anger/bitterness.
Comment: Feel attack was personal, directed at them as individuals.
Suggestion: Encourage them to direct anger at offender, healthy to express.
2. Realization of mortality.
Comment: Even more so than in robbery, there was a belief at some point that they were going to die. If severely injured, they might feel,
“I am lucky to be alive”.
Suggestion: Acknowledge fears. Gently guide them toward areas where they do have control.
3. Physical injury.
Suggestion: Actively encourage them to get the medical attention they need.
4. Time lost from work.
Comment: Families often lose a source of income.
Suggestion: Dig for resources. Be creative.
5. Fear of reprisals.
Comment: May be more likely than in robbery cases.
Suggestion: Validate the fear. Do what you can to help them feel safe.
No guarantees.
6. If assailant is family member or friend: feeling of betrayal.
Comment: This is an understandable and frequent comment. It may also be hard to avoid contact with offender.
Suggestion: Handle on case-by-case basis. If appropriate, validate love for
the offender and the conflict that this causes for the victim.
7. If result of jealousy: Victim feels very bewildered.
Comment: Jealousy is a powerful motivator. These situations should be taken very seriously.
Suggestion: If victim intends to return to the offender, ask if joint counseling is a possibility for the two of them. Assure that the victim did not deserve this treatment.
8. For male victims: shame at “losing” a fight.
Comment: These emotions can be very irrational.
Suggestion: If possible, assign a male victim advocate to help him view the incident more realistically. Counseling may be needed in extreme cases.
This information is re-printed from the US Dept. of Justice Web-site, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/
ASSAULT Definition
ASSAULT – Unlawful intentional inflicting, or attempted inflicting, of injury upon the person of another. Aggravated assault is the unlawful intentional inflicting of serious bodily injury or unlawful threat or attempt to inflict bodily injury or death by means of a deadly or dangerous weapon with or without actual infliction of injury. Simple assault is the unlawful intentional inflicting of less than serious bodily injury without a deadly or dangerous weapon or an attempt or threat to inflict bodily injury without a deadly or dangerous weapon.
Reducing the Risk of Assault or Robbery
1. Avoid, as much as possible, being alone on foot at night or in isolated places, even during the day.
2. If out at night, stay in well lighted public places.
3. Carry a non-lethal protection device (e.g., whistle).
4. Lock car doors. Don’t hesitate to use the horn, loudly, when danger is sensed.
5. Follow your instincts. If a situation “doesn’t feel right,” get out, get help, get among people.
6. Remember, many larger stores have security guards. Enter one quickly if danger is sensed. See nearest clerk.
7. Keep doors locked when home alone. Don’t open door to strangers. Use peepholes, not chain.
8. Practice being conscious of who is in proximity and of a place to quickly go in event of emergency.
This information is re-printed from the US Dept. of Justice Web-site, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/
Pepper Shot Pepper Spray Tri-Pack
Pepper Shot™ is a 10% pepper spray rated at 2 million scoville heat units and made with a very fine grain that is more effective than the coarser grains of most other pepper sprays. In addition to causing an attacker pain, Pepper Shot swells the mucous membranes, which makes breathing difficult, and swells the veins in the eyes, causing the eyes to close. These effects last 20-30 minutes and cause no permanent damage. All sprays have locking actuators for extra safety.
Burglary - Part 4 of 4
Vulnerability of the Elderly
Three primary injuries which victims may suffer during the course of a burglary, assault or robbery are: (1) physical injury, (2) financial injury, and (3) psychological injury.
1. Physical Injury
Increased physical frailty and decreased physical ability are both part of the aging pattern. These, of course, add to an older person’s vulnerability to physical injury.
Older people often have a fear of falling because of their self-awareness of the fragility of their bones. If an older woman is injured during a purse snatch, it may result in permanent disability, even though the injury would have been for a younger person relatively minor — a broken hip, arm or wrist.Ann Carter,* age seventy-three, was knocked down in a purse snatch. Her hip was broken in the fall. She was in a hospital for a month and then sent to a nursing home. She never recovered sufficiently to return home.When Gerald Anderson’s house was burglarized while he was sleeping, the burglar not only took the television but threw Gerald’s glasses on the floor and broke them. Gerald, age sixty-nine, was left unable to read his daily paper or watch television. He became depressed and tried to take his own life.
2. Financial Injury
Financial vulnerability is another by-product of aging. Older people are often condemned to live on fixed incomes, which do not reflect rising costs of living. When inflation is taken into account, some estimate that as many as 36 percent of the elderly do not have enough income to survive by themselves.To these, the financial impact of burglary, assault or robbery can be devastating. The larceny of $50 may mean that an individual goes without food, or medication, or even forfeits his/her apartment because of lack of rent. When Eunice Ladd’s purse was snatched, she lost $100. Her heat and lights were cut off in the following month, because she had not been able to pay her utility bills. She remained without heat and lived in candlelight for three additional months because of the extra charges she would have to pay to reconnect the utilities.Burglaries and vandalism cause untold damage and require repair and replacement. One would argue that such impact can be ameliorated by private insurance; in fact, even if people could afford it, such coverage is rarely adequate. Not only do most insurance policies have heavy deductibles which require the insured to pay the first $100 - $500 worth of damage, but the actual reimbursement rate is likely to be far less than the replacement value of the damage or loss.
Mary and John Travis’ home and furniture were so destroyed by the vandalism that accompanied their burglary that they could not afford to clean or repair it. They were forced to move from the house in which they had lived for thirty-five years. They ended up living a lonely life in an apartment far from their friends and their neighbors.
3. Psychological Injury
Some gerontologists have suggested that the single most critical age-related difference in physiology is a diminishing ability to respond to stress (physical and emotional) and to return to the pre-stress level.
Crime is an extraordinary trauma. Most victims suffer some discomfort and stress as a result of even the smallest kind of crime. Some have suggested that 20 percent of all victims seem to exhibit severe stress reactions. And 5 percent of all victims are likely to go into emotional crisis. Elderly victims are among those types of victims who are viewed as high crisis risks following crime.
The elderly victim may have already been trying to deal with a growing sense of dependence and helplessness. Mildred Stone was so upset after being robbed that she began to calm herself through the use of alcohol. She became afraid of leaving her home. She found she couldn’t concentrate on day-to-day events in her life and began to stay in bed for most of the day. She didn’t go out, didn’t see friends, didn’t talk to anyone. One day a friend came to see her and found her so ill from malnutrition and alcohol abuse that she had to be hospitalized at once.
* All names of victims mentioned in this section have been changed to preserve confidentiality.
This information is re-printed from the US Dept. of Justice Web-site, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/
Would you like to be alerted when… cars are coming up the drive…Children go inside your tool shed…Intruders approach the front or backyard..Someone enters your garage…Visitors are walking to the front door…Your parked boat or motor home has been boarded…kids or pets trample your flowers…THEN YOU NEED THE VOICE ALERT SYSTEM-6.
Burglary - Part 3 of 4
How to Help the Victim of Burglary, Robbery or Assault
It is important, when addressing the needs of the victim of a robbery, assault or burglary, for the you to not minimize the extent of trauma to the victim, the victim’s family or his/her friends and neighbors. In light of the intensity of some other crimes, one might be tempted to minimize these crimes, particularly if the offense is not aggravated (involving the use of a weapon).
However, this time of victimization involves many of the same dynamics as are found in other crimes which might be considered more major. The sense of violation and loss always accompanies these crimes. A woman victim of a burglary, who came home and found that her personal clothing items had been rifled through, said that she was now unable to wear any of these items. It is the invasion of private space that is so offensive.
Also there is usually a material loss. Since these types of crimes, unless aggravated, are lower on the priority of law enforcement, there is often just a report made for insurance purposes and nothing more. The victim is re-offended by the casualness of some law enforcement personnel regarding the apprehension of the offender. The attitude that “the insurance will take care of it” often disturbs the victim. It is important that the you as the victim’s supporter assist with any insurance problems that may occur; however, do not reinforce an “insurance will take care of it” attitude. Insurance does not make it right.
Often there is the loss of items which are not of much material value, but are priceless from the standpoint of treasured mementos and photographs. These are irreplaceable.
Then there is the safety factor. Anyone who has suffered a robbery or a burglary is concerned about its repetition. If the theft has been from a car the victim will probably from then on, without fail, always lock the car. If it is from the home, increased security measures are taken. This type of crime always leaves the victim less free and more cautious, often in a way that may seem overly cautious. If the counseling agent becomes concerned about the victim becoming paranoid, it is important that he/she not minimize the reason for this caution, and deal with it gently with understanding.
Of course, aggravated robbery involves the threat of major injury or even death, and all of the symptoms akin to Post Traumatic Stress Disorder may be exhibited…shock, fear, anger, nausea, sleeplessness, “unreasonable” fear of others, inability to go to or be in certain places, reliving of the event, etc. It is well for you as a support to the victim to suggest psychological counseling, or the victim’s participation in a trauma support group.
Most jurisdictions now have victim and witness assistance programs either in connection with prosecutor’s offices or law enforcement. Make yourself aware of these programs and assist the victim in making contact. These offices provide information on compensation for loss, as well as on psychological and support programs.
This document was last updated on January 16, 2000. This information is re-printed from the US Dept. of Justice Web-site, http://www.ojp.usdoj.gov/
The TeleSpy is an ordinary telephone that doubles as a monitoring system. Simply enter any phone number you want the unit to call and turn the motion sensor switch to on. Should motion be detected the phone will dial the number entered and upon answering you will be able to listen in via the amplified microphone on the unit. The TeleSpy allows you to decide from a safe location if it is a friend or foe before you call the police. The listening period is about 30 seconds, then the TeleSpy disconnects and instantly re-arms to detect again and again. TeleSpy operates from any phone line, requires no installation, and is completely portable. No monitoring fees, No false alarms.